мне стало скучно и я пошла на omegle. познакомилась с девушкой из Австралии, разговорились на тему русского языка (и шведского немного).
что из этого вышло:
stranger: I love how other languages have words for common English phrases.
stranger: That's my favourite.
you: ohhh
you: russian has single words for most of your phrasal verbs (we express these small differences in meanings by adding prefixes)
you: and you know what's cool about our language
читать дальшеstranger: Yeah?!
you: we don't have a million verb tenses
stranger: Oh?
you: just fucking THREE
stranger: Three??
you: yeah. but what you express with simple/perfect tenses we express with two types of verbs
you: one group is for unfinished actions, another one is for finished ones
you: usually verbs go in pairs and the only difference is a prefix
you: not too hard
stranger: OH
stranger: Cool.
stranger: I was thinking of examples and that makes sense.
stranger: So anything -ed and like, ran would fall under the finished verbs? and -ing, and run would be unfinished.
you: hm, kinda
stranger: Hahaha
you: but past simple describing past habits will be unfinished
you: i'll try to give examples
you: танцевал - simply danced (we don't know the result), was in the process of dancing or used to dance before
станцевал - had danced or has danced
танцует - is dancing atm or dances (as a hobby or profession)
станцует - will have danced
"с-" prefix creates a whole another verb, танцевать and станцевать are different words for us if we're doing a morphological analysis
stranger: Wow.
stranger: It kinda makes sense.
you: also, in станцевал the only important thing is that dancing is a finished act. nothing else matters. if the result is important now but the action was unfinished, there won't be a prefix. if an action in the past occured before another action (the most common use of past perfect) but was unfinished, there won't be one either
you: now that i'm thinking about it it makes me laugh
you: we also have another group of verbs for actions that are done occasionally, maybe even not at full strength
stranger: ... Like half-hearted dancing?
you: yeah. танцевать - to dance, пританцовывать - to make some half-hearted dancing moves, not full-on dancing
you: потанцовывать - to dance just sometimes, a little.
you: these two are common derivational models that can be applied to most verbs and they create sooo many cool little shades of meaningиногда я забываю, насколько у нас удивительный язык. :'D
что б я делала, если бы у меня все эти оттенки смыслов отобрали?